TY  - JOUR
T1  - Intelligent ANFIS-PSO Prediction of Heat Transfer in Tetra-Hybrid Nanofluid Flow of Cu-CNT-Graphene-TiO₂ in Blood-Based WEG Carrier with Inclined Magnetic Field and Thermal Radiation
A1  - Anna Kowalska
A1  - Piotr Nowak
A1  - Tomasz Zieliński
A1  - Marek Wiśniewski
JF  - Interdisciplinary Research in Medical Sciences Specialty
JO  - Interdiscip Res Med Sci Spec
SN  - 3062-4401
Y1  - 2021
VL  - 1
IS  - 2
DO  - 10.51847/vjQIp7dv7B
SP  - 26
EP  - 48
N2  - Research on heat-exchange systems for industrial and domestic use has long emphasized improving thermal transport between two parallel plates. A large body of literature stresses that boosting thermal performance is essential for both operational efficiency and cost. Increasing the Reynolds number, which intensifies turbulence, typically enhances heat conveyance. Hybrid nanofluids generally outperform single-nanoparticle fluids in thermal processes. The mixed suspension composed of Cu–CNT + Graphene + TiO₂/WEG-Blood, subjected to heat transfer between parallel plates under an inclined magnetic field and linear radiative effects, finds broad utility in engineering, biomedical, and industrial settings—including electronic thermal management, targeted drug delivery, oncology therapies, optical systems, missile and satellite components, transformer and electronic cooling, and defense-oriented solar devices. This work aims to analyze mass transport, flow behavior, and heat exchange characteristics of a Cu–CNT–Graphene–TiO₂/WEG-Blood hybrid nanofluid traveling through a porous channel influenced by linear radiation, angled magnetic forces, Forchheimer drag, and buoyancy. An ANFIS-PSO framework is adopted. Using the ODE45 solver, the governing non-dimensional, nonlinear differential equations for momentum, energy, and species concentration are integrated. The computational procedure yields temperature, velocity, and concentration fields for the hybrid Cu–CNT–Graphene–TiO₂/WEG-Blood fluid. The generated numerical patterns align well with earlier and current findings.

Thermal radiation shapes the temperature distribution within the microchannel, playing a crucial role in moderating the flow’s thermal load. The radiative parameter demonstrates a suppressive effect on the temperature curve.
UR  - https://galaxypub.co/article/intelligent-anfis-pso-prediction-of-heat-transfer-in-tetra-hybrid-nanofluid-flow-of-cu-cnt-graphene-kjcs4mg6z6o0rqt
ER  -