The present study examined bacterial profiles and antimicrobial resistance in children with leukemia to understand how underlying malignancy influences therapeutic response to severe infections. Thirty pediatric patients aged 1–16 years (18 males, 12 females) were retrospectively analyzed. Clinical cultures identified 13 bacterial species, including both Gram-positive (n = 8) and Gram-negative (n = 5) organisms. The cohort included patients with different leukemia subtypes: most girls were diagnosed with B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). In contrast, cases of acute myeloid leukemia were observed in one boy and one girl. Among boys, T-cell ALL and pre-B ALL were also recorded. The dominant pathogens were methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), methicillin-sensitive S. aureus (MSSA), Klebsiella spp., and Staphylococcus epidermidis. Because of severe immunosuppression, many patients required intensive care and treatment with potent antibiotics such as linezolid, vancomycin, and ertapenem, which generally retained activity despite variable resistance patterns. The study highlights the clinical importance of defining pathogen distribution and resistance characteristics in pediatric leukemia. A precise understanding of local antimicrobial susceptibility is essential for guiding targeted therapy and improving outcomes in immunocompromised children with serious bacterial infections.
