Lavandula stoechas L. (Ustukhuddūs) has long been employed in traditional medicine for managing neurological conditions such as dementia, yet conventional oral and topical formulations often fail to achieve optimal therapeutic effects. To overcome these limitations, this study developed matrix-type transdermal patches incorporating Ustukhuddūs hydro-alcoholic extract (UHAE) and essential oil (UEO) using a combination of hydrophilic hydroxyl propyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) and hydrophobic ethyl cellulose (EC) polymers. Comprehensive characterization through ATR–FTIR, DSC, XRD, and SEM confirmed the compatibility of the bioactive components with the polymer matrix and verified successful patch formation. The patches were evaluated for physicochemical properties, in vitro drug release, and ex vivo skin permeation. Findings demonstrated that the films were uniform, smooth, transparent, flexible, and non-irritant. Sustained drug release was observed, with UHAE and UEO patches releasing 81.61 % and 85.24 % of their payload, respectively, following non-Fickian kinetics. Ex vivo studies further revealed drug permeation of 66.82 % for UHAE and 76.41 % for UEO. These results indicate that the formulated patches are effective TDDS candidates, offering enhanced patient compliance and highlighting the potential of Unani medicine in the therapeutic management of Nisyan (dementia).
