One's attitude towards risk is the most important measure of their ability to regulate their environment. This requires awareness of threats and decisions about proper or inappropriate responses in dangerous situations. However, numerous factors affect people's attitudes towards danger. The impact of irrational beliefs on the types of attitudes towards hazards among students with a medical and psychological-pedagogical profile was examined in this study. Participants included 438 future medical students and educational psychologists (121 men and 317 women) from three Russian higher education institutions, between the ages of 17 to 40 years (average age: 19.5 ± 2.8 years). The author's questionnaires were used to determine sensitivity to the dangers and people's preferred responses in dangerous situations, as well as a list of Beck and Freeman's illogical views. Using the angular transformation of Fisher and the correlation coefficient of Pearson dichotomous, the criteria of φ* was used to perform mathematical processing. As a result, several relationships between illogical beliefs and the different types of students' attitudes toward threats were discovered, whether positive or negative. For example, obsessive-compulsive beliefs in men and avoidant beliefs in women determine the exaggeration of threats, whereas antisocial, passive-aggressive, and histrionic beliefs in men and women, determine the disregard for dangers, respectively. These findings can be applied to medical and psychological pedagogy student instruction, as well as the activities of the university psychological services activities that try to rectify students' insufficient attitudes towards risks.