Anatomical variations and pathologies of the maxillary sinus can complicate surgical procedures, making it essential for maxillofacial radiologists to recognize such radiographic signs. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of incidental findings in the maxillary sinus region using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted by analyzing CBCT scans of 60 patients who had undergone imaging solely for dental-related issues. The scans were reviewed for sinus abnormalities, with findings were recorded based on frequency and whether they were unilateral or bilateral. Mucosal thickening emerged as the most common incidental finding, followed by the presence of sinus septa. Less common findings included sinus floor discontinuity and the presence of root canal sealer in the sinus. Notably, significant maxillary sinus pathologies can be present without producing symptoms. Therefore, it is crucial for oral radiologists to thoroughly evaluate the entire CBCT volume and report any unusual findings to the referring clinician.
