Spindle Cell Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Tongue: An Uncommon Variant in an Unusual Location

Spindle cell carcinoma (SpCC) is an uncommon variant of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) found in the head and neck region. This neoplasm, which is classified as biphasic, comprises both carcinomatous and sarcomatous components, making it rare, accounting for only 2% to 3% of all SCCs. The World Health Organization (WHO) formally recognized SpCC as a distinct malignant epithelial tumor 7 years ago. The origin of the spindle cells within the tumor remains a topic of debate, with many considering them to be monoclonal epithelial neoplasms closely linked to squamous carcinoma cells. Due to its rarity, the histopathological diagnosis of SpCC is challenging. Immunohistochemistry helps confirm its epithelial nature, with both tumor components displaying reactivity for cytokeratin and vimentin. In this report, we highlight a case involving a middle-aged man diagnosed with this rare variant in an even more unusual anatomical location.