Written by Mata Uvaysovna Razhaeva
Published on Vol 2 Issue 2, 2022
Currently, over 2,500 chemical compounds are used in food production, primarily to extend shelf life and improve sensory qualities. However, some of these substances— especially toxic ones—can unintentionally contaminate food through packaging materials or technological additives. The presence of residual toxicants and industrial pollutants in food poses a significant health risk and can contribute to the development of cancer. Persistent organic pollutants such as organochlorine pesticides, pol
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Written by Abdelrahman Mohamed Ahmed Abukanna
Published on Vol 2 Issue 2, 2022
Obesity is often assessed through body mass index (BMI), which is a ratio of body weight to height, as defined by the World Health Organization (WHO). Several studies have shown a clear association between obesity and an increased risk of several cancers, including esophageal adenocarcinoma, breast cancer in postmenopausal women, pancreatic cancer, colorectal cancer, endometrial cancer, kidney cancer, and liver cancer. This review aims to synthesize the available evidence on obesity as a risk fa
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Written by Banyameen Iqbal
Published on Vol 2 Issue 2, 2022
Spindle cell carcinoma (SpCC) is an uncommon variant of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) found in the head and neck region. This neoplasm, which is classified as biphasic, comprises both carcinomatous and sarcomatous components, making it rare, accounting for only 2% to 3% of all SCCs. The World Health Organization (WHO) formally recognized SpCC as a distinct malignant epithelial tumor 7 years ago. The origin of the spindle cells within the tumor remains a topic of debate, with many considering the
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Written by Călin Buzlea
Published on Vol 2 Issue 2, 2022
Cancer remains one of the leading causes of disability and death worldwide, with its incidence continually increasing. As many treatments become less effective in the advanced stages of cancer, and with the growing importance of palliative care in managing pain and promoting comfort, it is crucial to conduct studies that examine the impact of palliative care on various aspects of cancer patients’ lives. This review was conducted to assess the impact of palliative care on the quality of life in c
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Written by M. Virtanen
Published on Vol 2 Issue 2, 2022
For individuals diagnosed with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC), neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT) using 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) followed by total mesorectal excision remains the therapeutic standard. Despite its widespread use, a considerable proportion of patients exhibit limited or no response to this treatment, which negatively influences prognosis and exposes them to unnecessary toxicities and surgical postponements. Consequently, the discovery of dependable biomarkers capable of forec
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Written by P. Rojas
Published on Vol 2 Issue 2, 2022
Breast cancer (BC) exhibits age-related alterations in its biological characteristics. This study aimed to investigate the natural progression of these changes. A total of 2,383 women with clinically T0-2N0-1M0 BC, treated with primary surgery and appropriate adjuvant therapy at a specialized BC center, were included. Tissue microarrays were prepared from surgical specimens, and indirect immunohistochemistry was performed to assess a comprehensive panel of 16 relevant biomarkers. Significant dec
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Written by J. Silva
Published on Vol 2 Issue 2, 2022
The function and subcellular localization of programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4) in melanoma remain poorly characterized. Previous work suggests PDCD4 interacts with Pleckstrin Homology Domain Containing A5 (PLEKHA5), influencing survival in patients with melanoma brain metastases. Here, we investigated the distribution of PDCD4 within tumor cells and the surrounding microenvironment and examined its association with clinical outcomes. Using quantitative immunofluorescence on tissue microarrays with
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Written by Hiroto Sakurai
Published on Vol 2 Issue 2, 2022
Patients diagnosed with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma that is initially deemed unresectable face a very poor prognosis. Conversion surgery, performed after tumor shrinkage or favorable response to therapy, has emerged as a potential intervention to improve survival. This study examines the outcomes and prognostic factors associated with this approach. We retrospectively analyzed cases of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma referred for possible surgery at our institution between January 2006 and
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Written by R. Souza
Published on Vol 2 Issue 2, 2022
Surgery is the cornerstone treatment for colorectal cancer, and preoperative nutritional support is commonly used to reduce perioperative complications. Immunonutrition, in particular, is suggested to enhance outcomes, but its direct effects on tumor-associated inflammation are not well established. In this pilot randomized trial, 26 patients undergoing colonoscopy at diagnosis provided baseline blood and tumor samples (sample A). Patients were assigned to either standard oral nutritional supple
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Written by J. Kowalski
Published on Vol 2 Issue 2, 2022
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), offering durable benefits in a subset of patients. Nevertheless, only about one-fifth of individuals respond effectively, leaving resistance to ICI therapy as a critical barrier to improved outcomes. To explore the genomic factors underlying limited therapeutic benefit, four publicly available NSCLC cohorts (n = 2,986) were analyzed. From the Rizvi cohort, 158 patients exhibiting no durab
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Written by G. Papadopoulos
Published on Vol 2 Issue 2, 2022
Effective evaluation of lymphadenectomy risk is crucial in managing endometrial cancer (EC), as it requires balancing therapeutic outcomes with the potential for surgical complications and mortality. This study aimed to determine the additional diagnostic benefit of employing computer-assisted image segmentation combined with machine learning techniques that merge clinical indicators and diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWI-MRI) radiomic data for forecasting lymph node (LN) metasta
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