This investigation was conducted to determine the safety profile of Coriander Triphala tablets (CTT) through acute and repeated-dose toxicity studies in Wistar rats. The herbal tablets were manufactured based on a previously established formulation protocol. Acute oral toxicity was evaluated by administering a single dose of 2000 mg/kg CTT to female rats, while a control group received distilled water. For the subacute assessment, sixty rats of both sexes were randomly allocated into six experimental groups. Animals were orally treated with CTT at doses of 200, 500, or 1000 mg/kg, while an additional satellite group received 1000 mg/kg; the control group was given distilled water for 28 consecutive days. Throughout the study period, changes in body mass, food intake, and water consumption were monitored. Clinical observations were recorded, followed by hematological testing, serum biochemical analysis, and microscopic examination of tissue samples. Administration of a single high dose of CTT did not result in mortality or observable adverse effects, indicating that the LD₅₀ value is greater than 2000 mg/kg. During the repeated-dose study, no meaningful alterations were detected in hematological indices across treatment groups. In contrast, biochemical analysis revealed dose-related increases in serum cholesterol, creatinine, and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels in male rats, whereas elevated alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and AST levels were observed in females receiving higher doses. Histological evaluation of hepatic tissue demonstrated evidence of sinusoidal congestion and hepatocellular swelling in both sexes. Renal tissue analysis showed mild to severe tubular epithelial degeneration and necrosis. The results indicate that prolonged administration of Coriander Triphala tablets may adversely affect hepatic and renal function at higher doses, underscoring the importance of careful dosing and clinical monitoring when using this traditional herbal formulation.
