Volume 3, Issue 1 (2023)

Genetic alterations in the ALK gene occur in approximately 3-5% of cases of non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). These rearrangements are critical in determining how cancer cells respond to treatment with ALK inhibitors. However, over time, some patients may develop resistance, leading to disease progression. In such cases, performing genetic analysis is crucial to detect new mutations that could be driving resistance, enabling healthcare providers to select the most appropriate next

Breast cancer (BC) is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths among women worldwide, and occasionally occurs in men. The majority of deaths related to breast cancer, over 90%, are due to delayed detection, which allows the disease to spread to other organs. The diagnostic process usually involves a biopsy, supported by imaging techniques such as MRI and CT scans, to confirm the diagnosis and guide treatment planning. This review examines various treatment strategies, including chemothe

The focus of the present study was to evaluate the cytotoxic effects of novel peptide esters derived from galantamine—GAL-LEU and GAL-VAL—on the PC3 prostate cancer cell line. To assess the cytotoxicity of these compounds, the MTT assay, a method that quantifies cellular metabolic activity through the reduction of MTT to formazan, was used. PC3 cells were exposed to different concentrations (ranging from 1.875 μM to 30 μM) of the peptide esters in triplicate. The absorbance of the formazan produ

Benign gallbladder disorders are frequently observed and generally resolve without long-term effects. However, some of these conditions are associated with an increased risk of gallbladder cancer, while others can lead to malignancy. This review aims to inform surgeons of the potential improvements in treatment strategies enabled by earlier recognition of GBC and to assist pathologists in refining histopathological assessments to reduce fatalities associated with delayed diagnoses. The immune ma

Thiazolidin-4-ones exhibit a highly adaptable and privileged core structure, consisting of a five-membered heterocyclic ring with a sulfur atom and a cyclic amide bond. Recent research, especially in the last decade, has extensively explored the various biological activities of this scaffold, highlighting its potential therapeutic applications. Several key features, such as drug-likeness, compatibility for diversity-oriented synthesis, and sensitivity to the redox environment of tumors, make it

Heliomycin, a compound obtained from the secondary metabolites of actinomycetes bacteria, was tested for its anticancer effects, with tamoxifen serving as the reference drug. Flow cytometry, cell cycle analysis, and apoptosis assays were performed, alongside real-time RT-PCR to evaluate gene expression. The expression of CK-19 was examined by immunocytochemistry, while cytopathological changes were observed using H&E staining and electron microscopy. The results of real-time PCR showed that HER-

Identifying BRAF mutations is crucial for managing advanced melanoma in treatment-naïve patients. When tumor tissue is unavailable or inadequate, liquid biopsy represents a promising alternative. This retrospective, single-center study evaluated the effectiveness of plasma circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) in detecting BRAF mutations and assessed patient outcomes following BRAF/MEK inhibitor therapy initiated based on ctDNA results. A total of 46 patients (21 women, 25 men) with advanced melanoma un

The combination of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitors has become a standard first-line therapy for patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), highlighting the importance of ICIs in treatment strategies. However, around one-fifth of patients fail to respond, often due to activating mutations in the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, which are associated with primary resistance. Detecting Wnt/β-catenin activation through non-i

Sarcomas display considerable histological diversity, with over 70 recognized subtypes, which complicates precise classification. Although specific genetic alterations can aid pathological evaluation, routine diagnostic workflows rarely incorporate large-scale molecular profiling. In this study, we explored the utility of whole genome sequencing (WGS) to enhance the clinical management of sarcoma patients by detecting diagnostic markers, therapeutically actionable variants, and underlying heredi