Written by Abigail Owusu
Published on Vol 4 , 2024
Despite significant advances in heart transplant treatment, transplant rejection remains a significant challenge. Lovastatin, a statin medication with intriguing immunomodulatory effects, has received attention as a potential treatment for heart transplant rejection. All of the studies show that lovastatin can affect T-cell activation, reduce acute rejection events, and preserve graft function. These results provide encouraging directions for the use of lovastatin to improve patient outcomes and
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In patients with transfusion-dependent thalassemia (TDT), adherence to iron chelation therapy (ICT) is essential for avoiding iron excess consequences and preserving HRQoL. The present research sought to assess the relationship between adherence and HRQoL in TDT patients from Malaysia. A cross-sectional study was conducted among TDT patients aged 18 years and above at Hospital Ampang, Selangor. The adherence and the HRQoL (SF-36) were measured utilizing validated tools. Correlation analyses were
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Written by Andrei Nicolae Csep
Published on Vol 4 , 2024
The likelihood of chronic illnesses and concurrent usage of several pharmaceuticals has grown due to the aging population and longer life expectancy, which might result in negative drug interactions and responses. This review research was conducted to look into the elderly’s polypharmacy management strategies, as there is no comprehensive study on the subject. Polypharmacy, the elderly, and prevalence were searched in the PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, Google Scholar, Ovid, Magiran, and Sid dat
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Written by Manju Agrawal
Published on Vol 4 , 2024
The more recent generation of anti-retroviral medication (ART) has completely changed the way that HIV infections are treated. Tenofovir with lamivudine (NRTI) and one NNRT, efavirenz, make up the first-line ART. One side effect that is cause for concern is the renal tubular dysfunction linked to tenofovir. The purpose of this study was to compare the incidence of nephrotoxicity from tenofovir-based regimens to those that were not TLE-based. 50 individuals between the ages of 18 and 60 years wh
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The purpose of the present investigation was to assess the pattern of distributing antibiotics without an order at a Baghdad community pharmacy, as well as to better comprehend the variables that influence antibiotic dispensing without authorization. A cross-sectional survey of community pharmacists was conducted to explain antibiotic distribution practices in community pharmacies. To collect the requisite sample, the convenience sampling approach was used at a Baghdad community pharmacy. The pa
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Written by Maha Mahfouz Bakhuraysah
Published on Vol 4 , 2024
Several regulatory bodies throughout the world have produced and approved several COVID-19 vaccines for use in emergencies. In addition to providing a centralised database of suspected adverse reactions and safety profiles for these vaccinations, the aim is to compare the safety and side effects of approved COVID-19 vaccines in Saudi Arabia. As part of this cross-sectional study, an online questionnaire was used to survey 633 vaccinated Saudi Arabian citizens. Their ages ranged from 15 to 85 yea
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Written by Maria Pia Ferraz
Published on Vol 4 , 2024
In oral and maxillofacial surgery, a small number of drugs are used to treat wounds, pain, infection, and healing. The ingredients, uses, and effects of these drugs on oral tissues are not well understood, despite their widespread usage. The purpose of this study is to identify the ideal material for the treatment of intraoral wounds. Among the materials that can be used successfully are Alvogyl, Carnoy’s solution (CS), bismuth iodoform paraffin paste (BIPP), zinc oxide eugenol (ZOE), and Whiteh
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Written by Viviana Hodoșan
Published on Vol 4 , 2024
Intensive care units (ICUs) are the primary target for antibiotic consumption monitoring due to their high antibiotic usage. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major global public health concern. We conducted a five-year, monocentric, retrospective, and observational study to assess the use and cost of antibiotics in the intensive care units at the Oradea County Emergency Clinical Hospital in Romania. The amount was expressed in DDD/100 patient days, and the prescription antibiotic’s cost was i
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There is no written advice tool for the use of subcutaneous anticoagulants in patients with COVID-19, so this study aimed to develop and validate one. A prospective cohort study was conducted with patients and expert panels, and hospital chemists used the content validity index (I-CVI), scale-level-CVI (S-CVI), and universal acceptance (UA) to validate the tool. The item acceptance index (IAI) and universal acceptance (UA) were used to assess the patients’ face validity. The mean age of hospital
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Long-acting injectable (LAI) biologics, composed of a biologically active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) combined with polymers that form microparticles, suspensions, or hydrogels, have recently emerged as a promising and transformative approach in immunopharmacology. These LAIs function as controlled-release drug delivery systems, administered parenterally into deep or lateral muscle tissue or subcutaneous fat. Following administration, the polymers gradually degrade, allowing the API to be re
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This research investigated how asthma patients in North Macedonia perceive pharmacist involvement and education on inhaler use. Between July and September 2024, a cross-sectional survey was conducted at the University Clinic for Pulmonology and Allergology in Skopje, enrolling 187 adult patients with asthma. Although 69% reported following their prescribed treatment, 13.9% had never received guidance on inhaler use, and only 27.3% had received instructions from a pharmacist. Nearly all participa
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Written by Florence Dubois
Published on Vol 4 , 2024
Chronic heart failure (CHF) is a life-threatening disorder affecting millions worldwide, characterized by recurring symptoms such as shortness of breath, fluid retention, and fatigue, which significantly compromise daily functioning and contribute to elevated mortality and hospital readmissions. Qishen Yiqi Dropping Pills (QYDP), a formulation in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) containing Danshen, Huangqi, Jiangxiang, and Sanqi, has shown promise in improving cardiac function by enhancing cir
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Written by Ryohei Tanaka
Published on Vol 4 , 2024
Pharmacovigilance plays a crucial role in safeguarding patients by monitoring and managing adverse drug reactions (ADRs). This study explored the awareness, perceptions, and practical engagement of healthcare providers (HCPs) with pharmacovigilance and ADR reporting in Nineveh’s general hospitals. A cross-sectional survey was administered to HCPs in Mosul’s general hospitals. The questionnaire was divided into four parts, collecting demographic details and assessing knowledge, attitudes, and pra
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The presence of a specialized clinical pharmacist (CP) is vital for improving antimicrobial stewardship and optimizing therapeutic outcomes. This research aimed to analyze the spectrum of CP interventions in infectious disease (ID) management, emphasizing the nature of these interventions and their associated financial benefits through a tailored electronic documentation system. This retrospective observational study examined CP activities within the ID service of a tertiary hospital. The princi
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Written by Michael Young
Published on Vol 4 , 2024
Poor asthma outcomes are frequently linked to incorrect inhaler use and limited patient understanding. While community pharmacists play a crucial role in patient education, relying solely on verbal explanations may not be efficient in busy pharmacy environments. Artificial intelligence (AI)–based tools offer an engaging and tailored method for delivering asthma self-management support. This study explored how pharmacist-facilitated AI education influences patients’ inhaler skills and asthma comp
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Pharmacists play a crucial role in the management and care of individuals with mental health disorders as key members of interdisciplinary healthcare teams. Their responsibilities go far beyond medication dispensing, encompassing patient counseling, adherence promotion, monitoring for drug interactions, evaluating therapeutic outcomes, and assisting in symptom control—while maintaining compassion and patient confidentiality. However, they encounter obstacles such as poor adherence, communication
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This study evaluated the impact of an educational intervention using short message service (SMS) and WhatsApp messages on the tuberculosis (TB) knowledge of pharmacy personnel. A prospective study was conducted with a random sample of pharmacies and drugstores in two districts of Lima and Chiclayo. The intervention included the development and pilot testing of text messages, content evaluation, selection of participating pharmacies, implementation, and a post-intervention survey to assess change
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Over‑the‑counter (OTC) medication use has expanded globally as a result of increased accessibility, escalating healthcare costs, and a growing emphasis on patient autonomy. In Bulgaria, community pharmacies frequently serve as the primary point of entry into the healthcare system for adult patients, thereby assigning pharmacists a central role in promoting rational self‑medication practices. This study investigated patterns of OTC drug utilization among adult pharmacy clients and examined the ex
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Written by Hanna Andersen
Published on Vol 4 , 2024
CYP2D6, a liver enzyme, plays a key role in metabolizing a range of drugs, including antidepressants, β-blockers, tamoxifen, and opioids such as tramadol and codeine, with notable inter-individual differences in drug response due to its high genetic polymorphism. This study investigated CYP2D6 polymorphisms in Kurdish women receiving tramadol after cesarean delivery. Forty participants from Maternity Teaching Hospital provided DNA samples, which were genotyped for CYP2D6 using polymerase chain r
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The European Union’s growing reliance on active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) imported from non-EU nations has become a pressing concern for the stability of its pharmaceutical supply networks and the protection of public health. Over the past several decades, much of the API manufacturing for generic drugs has relocated beyond EU borders—mainly to China and India—resulting in a concentration of production risks and increased exposure to global disruptions. Crises such as the COVID-19 pandem
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