Concerns over the environmental and health impacts of synthetic dyes have intensified interest in natural dyes as sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Despite this potential, natural dyes have traditionally produced limited color ranges and exhibited poor fastness, and research exploring their broader applications remains scarce. Beyond coloration, natural dyes can impart additional functional properties to textiles, including antibacterial and UV-protective effects. This study presents a systematic review of 38 publications examining six plant-derived dyes: eucalyptus (Eucalyptus globulus Labill.), weld (Reseda luteola L.), madder (Rubia tinctorum L.), annatto (Bixa orellana L.), true indigo (Indigofera tinctoria L.), and woad (Isatis tinctoria L.). These dyes were selected following an initial assessment of plant-based dyes with primary color potential, considering both their chromatic and biofunctional properties. The review evaluates how dyeing parameters and the use of auxiliary agents influence color outcomes and functional attributes. Findings include a summary of chromatic possibilities across different materials and processing conditions. Integrating natural dyes with environmentally friendly auxiliary products emerges as a promising strategy to expand the color palette while maintaining sustainability. Further studies are needed to optimize natural dyeing techniques and advance the development of eco-conscious textile coloration.
